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(No Model.)

E. D; FARCOT. Centrifugal Ventilatorl or Pump. N0. 236,423. Patentedlan.11,1881.

N-FEIERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D C

Unire rares @Amener rtree..

EMMANUEL D. FARCOT, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

CENTRIFUGAL VENTILATOR OR PUIVIP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed May 13, 1880.

To all whom fit may concern Be it known that I, EMMANUEL DENIS FARCOT,of Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement inCentrifugal Ventilators or Pumps, which invention is fully described inthe following specification.

This invention relates to centrifugal apparatus, ventilators, or pumpsserving to propel or impart motion to iiuids, and its object is, ingeneral, to improve the construction and operation of such apparatus.

It consists, mainly, in the following' points:

First, around the whole periphery of the revolving floats, paddles, orfans is left a free space, which forms a regulator for the uidair orwater, for example. This space is comprised between the ends of thepaddles or fans and the circumference of the side plates which extendbeyond the outer ends of said fans or iioats. In this way eddies andother causes of disturbance are avoided, and the effective operation ofthe apparatus is consequently increased.

Second, the vside plates of the rotary part of the apparatus areconical, and at their circumference converge toward each other. Inconsequence of this convergence, thcdiittervening space becoming'lessand/less, the current ot' liuid'i's subjected toan-increasing andregular contraction. This convergence of the side plates extends to theactual circumference, so that the regulating'space above mentionedhasjftsela.-section kdecreasing toward the circumference, which decreasehas the effect of advancing the pressure successively and progressively,without eddying or agitation ofthe tluid, until it attains the maximumat the circumference of the plates. The pressure is the same in twosuccessive passages or branches of the tluid-regulatorthat is, beforeand behind a float or fanwhereas with ordinary ventilators there is anexcess of pressure ahead of afan or paddle, and a diminution in the rearthereof. My disposition of the conical Huid-regulator results in notablydiminishing this difference in pressure, and consequently diminisheslargely the irregular movement ofthe iiuid and loss of motive power.

Third, another peculiarity is the form of the chamber or trunksurrounding the wheel and comprised between the circumference Patent No.236,423, dated January 1 1, 1881.

(No model.) Patented in France May 29, 1878.

thereof and the outer casing.- The most useful effect is obtained whenthe velocity of the iiuid in this chamber is equal to the velocity ofthe revolving wheel at the circumference of the tiuidre ;ulator.v Thisis the normal condition, and when it is obtained the iuid passes frombetween the fans or floats without disturbance or loss of motive power.In accordance with this rule, the precise condition will be changed inone direction or the other, according to the special use of theapparatus. It' it is to serve as an aspirator, it will be advantageousto make the inclosing` chamber or trunk somewhatlarge, for otherwise,owing to the velocitys tending to be reduced in said chamber', therewould be a partial vacuum in the wheel. For a blower the section of theinclosing chamber or trunk should be Slightly reduced in section toaccomplish the opposite effect. In this waya ventilator can be readilyconstructed, capable of effecting aspiration or forcing under the mostfavorable conditions by simply changing in section the chamber exteriorto and surrounding the finiti-regulator. Thus, the apparatus beingarranged to serve as an aspirator, it suflices to dispose in theinterior ofthe chamber a removable lining', which diminishes the sectionot' said chamber and converts the apparatus into a blower.

Finally, the centrifugal apparatus, made in accordance with this system,presents certain constructions, arrangements, and combina- Jtions ofparts which facilitate the movement and operation under diversconditions, as hereinafter more fully set forth. The invention isequally applicable to both ventilators and centrifugal pumps.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Ihave shown a ventilator, which I will now proceed to describe.

Figure 1. is a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a cross-section, and Fig. 3a plan.

The same letters indicate like parts on all the figures.

On the shaft O is fixed the hub or boss A, to which the diaphragm B isattached. Between this and the inclined or conical side plates, C, areplaced the fans or lioats D, of which the curvature is seen in Fig. l.

Instead of two side plates, as shown, (see IOO Fig. 2,) one only couldbe employed when a smaller curren t ofair is wanted, it being placed onthe side of and inclined toward the diaphrag'm. In any case the bestresults are obtained by placing the ventilator in the middle I ot' thecasing E, so that the conical air-regulator, formed between the outerends of the floats or paddles and 'the plates C, empties in the middleofthe exterior chamber' or trunk, F.

The casing E may have a uniform width or thickness, and contain on theinside a chamber increasing' successively in width, and consequently insize. By such a construction it is very easy to adapt a ventilator towhatever special purpose may be desired by separating or bringingtogether the plates which form the sides ofthe chamber.

In the drawings I have shown the chamber or tru nk F formed by the wallsof the casing, the sheets of metal, suitably curved, which compose thesame being riveted together.

It'the ventilator is to be used as an aspirator, a box oraspiration-chamber, Gr, is secured on one ofthe faces ofthe apparatus,and it is attached to the casing of the ventilator and upon thesupporting-i'rame X so as to be readily removed in order to form ablowing or airforcing apparatus.

Entrance into the apparatus ot' the oil used for lubricating isprevented by means of diaphragm-plates c, Fig. 2.

The circular or annular projections d are designed to prevent the airfrom passing between the side plates, U, and the casing. lt is theIneans ot' making a hermetic joint without causing friction or wear.

The holes o in the hub or boss A permit an equilibrium of pressure uponopposite sides ot' the diaphragm, and thus lateral pressure is avoided.

The frame or support X sustains the casing, as explained above, landpermitsthe apparatus to be used as a tbrcing apparatus or as auaspirater.

Vent-ilators for various purposes-#for houses, mines, &c.can be made inaccordance with this invention, and so, also, can centrifugal pumps ot'various kinds.

rlhe apparatus can be made of various forms and of any suitablematerial.

The chamber or trunk surrounding the rotary wheel can be rectangular,circular, or of other suitable form in cross-section, and theprogressive contraction or expansion can be obtained in the severalforms by the construction otl the casing itself, or by movable liningsor envelopes.

Having thus fully described my said invention and the manner in whichthe same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desiretosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a centrifugal apparatus, the rotating wheel having the side platesextending beyond the outer ends ot the floats or fans, as set forth.

2. A rotary wheel for a centrifugal apparatus, comprising a number ofoats or fans, and side plates converging toward the periphery thereot'and extending beyond the outer ends ot' said floats or fans, as setforth.

3. The combination of a revolving wheel, comprising a series of fans orfioats and side plates revolving with said fans or lioats, and a chamberor trunk surrounding said wheel and having an interior capacityproportioned relatively thereto as indicated, so that the velocity ofthe iiuid therein corresponds with that of the circumference ot'thewheel, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the revolving wheel, comprising anumber ot'fans or oats and side plates extending beyond the outer ends ot' saidfans or floats and converging toward the circumference, ot' thesurrounding chamber or trunk, increasing in cross-section toward theoutlet, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a revolving shaft, ot' a diaphragm, tloats, anda side plate orside pla-tes, said diaphragm having the said floatsattached thereto on one or both sides and extending to or beyond theouter ends of said floats, substantially as described.

6. The combination ot' the revolving shaft, diaphragm secured thereto,iioats or fans, and conical side plates extending beyond the outer endot' said floats or fans, substantially as described.

7. A centrifugal pump, ventilator, or similar apparatus comprising thefollowing elements in combination: a supporti11g-frame, a shaft rooturning in bearings thereon, a wheel revolving with said shaft andcomprising lio-ats or fans held between side plates, converging towardthe circumference, and extending beyond the outer ends ot' the oats orfans, a casing, 105

and a chamber or trunk surrounding the wheel and formed as indicated, sothat the Huid therein will havel the same velocity as the periphery ot'said wheel.

In witness whereotl l have hereunto signed 11o

